Pneumocystis Activates Human Alveolar Macrophage NF-κB Signaling through Mannose Receptors

Effect of acrolein on human alveolar macrophage NF-κB activity.

Acrolein is an environmental pollutant that is known to suppress respiratory host defense against infections; however, the mechanism of the decrease in host defense is not yet clear. We have previously reported that acrolein inhibited endotoxin-induced cytokine release and induced apoptosis in human alveolar macrophages, suggesting that the inhibition of cytokine release and/or cytotoxicity to ...

HIV impairs alveolar macrophage mannose receptor function against Pneumocystis carinii.

Intracellular C. neoformans modulates macrophage NF-κB signaling 1 MODULATION OF MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY NF-κB SIGNALING BY INTRACELLULAR CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS

Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is a sporeforming, intracellular pathogenic yeast found in soil and other niches worldwide (1). Inhalation of spores is thus extremely common, allowing Cn to infect ~70% of children in urban environments (2). In most cases Cn infections do not present immediate clinical symptoms; rather, Cn is able to enter a chronic latent state that may last for many years by resi...

Shigella dysenteriae infection activates proinflammatory response through β-catenin/NF-κB signaling pathway

Shigella dysenteriae (S.dysenteriae) the causative agent of bacillary dysentery invades the human colonic epithelium resulting in severe intestinal inflammatory response and epithelial destruction. However, the mechanism by which S.dysenteriae infection regulates proinflammatory cytokines during intestinal inflammation is still obscure. In this study, we evaluated whether the interaction of β-c...

Metformin-treated cancer cells modulate macrophage polarization through AMPK-NF-κB signaling

Accumulating evidence is indicating metformin to possess the potential ability in preventing tumor development and suppressing cancer growth. However, the exact mechanism of its antitumorigenic effects is still not clear. We found that metformin suppressed the ability of cancer to skew macrophage toward M2 phenotype. Metformin treated cancer cells increased macrophage expression of M1-related c...